Trade & Commerce Regulation

Domestic and foreign trade policies; customs and border management; merchant protection; trade route development; Sanjeev Sanyal's work on India's historical trade networks and their modern revival

Lessons in this chapter

• Panya-Niti: Principles of Trade Governance — The Art of the Superintendent of Trade
• Antahshulka: Internal Trade and Customs — The Art of the Customs Superintendent
• Bahirvyapara: Foreign Trade Policies — The State's Sacred Duty to Commerce
• Vanijpatha: Developing Trade Routes — Infrastructure as Strategic Statecraft
• Vanij-Raksha: Merchant Protection and Rights — The Legal Infrastructure of Trust
• Recovering Maritime Memory: India's Trade Renaissance — From Ancient Stitched Ships to Modern Trade Corridors
• Relevance in 2026 and Beyond — Ancient Trade Wisdom for Digital Commerce and Global Supply Chains

Back to Arthashastra: Economic Principles