Yatra: Following the Sacred Horse
Arjuna guards the sacred horse
For months, the sacrificial horse wanders through Bharatavarsha while Arjuna follows, meeting both submission and resistance. Kings who had fought at Kurukshetra now face a choice: acknowledge Yudhishthira's sovereignty or fight the greatest archer in the world. The journey tests Arjuna's skill, diplomacy, and endurance, until the horse enters a kingdom ruled by someone Arjuna never expected to face in battle.
The Path of the Horse
The black stallion moved as if guided by instinct older than memory. He did not follow roads or respect borders. He climbed mountains that armies would have circled. He swam rivers that merchants crossed only by boat. He wandered through kingdoms that had no names in the maps of Hastinapura.
Arjuna followed.
For weeks that became months, he tracked the sacred horse through terrain that tested every skill he possessed. The Gandiva bow, which had sung death on the fields of Kurukshetra, now hung mostly silent on his shoulder. Most challenges were resolved before they began, the mere sight of his banner, the white monkey of Hanuman, was enough to convince most rulers that resistance was futile.
"I am not here to conquer," Arjuna would tell the kings who came to meet him. "I am here to invite. Acknowledge my brother's sovereignty, pay the tribute appropriate to your station, and we part as allies."
Most accepted. The war had taught them what it meant to oppose the Pandavas.
The Pattern of Submission
The horse's journey traced a great arc through the kingdoms of Bharatavarsha. First it moved east, into the lands that had once followed Karna, now leaderless, uncertain, eager for the stability that submission to Hastinapura would bring.
| Kingdom | Ruler | Response | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anga | Regents of Karna's sons | Immediate submission | Tribute paid, alliance renewed |
| Magadha | New king after Jarasandha | Cautious submission | Hostages given as guarantee |
| Vanga | Unknown minor king | Brief resistance | Defeated in single combat |
| Pundra | Allied lords | Delegation submission | Trade agreements signed |
The pattern repeated: the horse would enter a territory, Arjuna would send messengers ahead, and kings would weigh their options. Fight the man who had faced celestial warriors and won? Or pay tribute and be remembered as wise rather than brave?
Most chose wisdom.

The Mountains and the Forests
But not all challenges came from kings. The horse, following its own mysterious purpose, led Arjuna into regions where no human ruler held sway. In the Himalayan foothills, he encountered Yavana warriors, fierce fighters from beyond the traditional borders of Bharatavarsha.
They did not know of Yudhishthira. They did not care about Kurukshetra. They saw only a horse worth stealing and a single archer worth testing.
Arjuna fought them for three days. The Gandiva sang again, each arrow finding its mark with the precision that had made him legend. When the Yavana chief finally fell, his surviving warriors asked only to be allowed to retreat.
"Go," Arjuna said. "Tell your people that the Pandava sovereignty extends even to these mountains. Any who wish to trade in peace will be welcomed. Any who come for war will find what you have found."
The Yavanas left. They did not return.
The Southern Kingdoms
The horse turned south. Here the terrain changed, from mountain to jungle, from cold to heat that pressed upon Arjuna like a physical weight. His soldiers, accustomed to the northern plains, struggled with diseases they had never encountered.
Sahadeva had conquered these lands during the Digvijaya before the war, but that conquest now seemed distant. New kings had risen. Old resentments smoldered. The south remembered that it had been the Pandavas who first marched armies through their lands.
The king of Chera met Arjuna at his border with an army.
"We submitted once," the king declared. "We paid tribute to your brother during his Rajasuya. We even sent warriors to fight at Kurukshetra, some for you, some against. All are dead now. Why should we submit again?"

Arjuna dismounted. He laid the Gandiva on the ground before him, a gesture of respect that cost him nothing but might gain everything.
"Because the alternative is more death," he said quietly. "I do not wish to fight you. I have killed enough kings for one lifetime. But the horse walks where it will, and my duty is clear. Oppose its passage, and we fight. Allow it, and we feast together as allies."
The Chera king was silent for a long moment. Then he laughed.
"You are tired of killing. I can see it in your eyes. That is wisdom earned at great price." He gestured to his soldiers to lower their weapons. "Come. Feast with me. I will not fight a man who has learned what war truly costs."
The Weight of Memory
As the months passed, Arjuna found himself thinking more about the dead than the living. Every kingdom he entered held memories. Here was where Nakula had fought a minor skirmish. There was where Sahadeva had negotiated a surrender. In that palace, Bhima had been entertained during the Digvijaya.
And everywhere, everywhere, were widows.
The war had claimed warriors from every corner of Bharatavarsha. In every village Arjuna passed through, women wore white. Children grew up fatherless. Old men had outlived their sons.
I did this, Arjuna thought. We all did this. Krishna spoke of duty and dharma, but the widows do not care about dharma. They care that their husbands are gone.
He began to modify his approach. Where tribute was required, he ensured that a portion went to the war widows of that region. Where kings submitted, he asked them to establish funds for orphans. The Ashvamedha was meant to establish sovereignty, but Arjuna used it to begin healing.
"This is not weakness," he told his officers. "This is investment. The kingdom my brother rules must be built on more than fear. It must be built on the memory that when the Pandavas conquered, they also cared."
The Encounter with Memory
In the western territories, the horse led Arjuna to a place he had hoped to avoid: the kingdom of Sindhu, once ruled by Jayadratha.
Jayadratha, who had abducted Draupadi. Jayadratha, who had held the Pandava army at bay while Abhimanyu was slaughtered in the Chakravyuha. Jayadratha, whom Arjuna had killed with his most famous arrow shot, the one that had appeared impossible until Krishna's divine intervention made it real.
The new king of Sindhu was Jayadratha's son, raised by his widowed mother to remember what the Pandavas had done to his father.

"You killed him," the young king said when they met. "You shot him through the neck while my mother watched from the palace walls. She has never recovered."
Arjuna felt the weight of karma pressing upon him. "Your father chose his fate when he held the gate against us. He knew what my vow meant. He knew Abhimanyu was dying behind him."
"And my mother? Did she choose anything?"
There was no good answer. Arjuna stood silent.
The young king sighed. "I should fight you. Honor demands it. But I watched you fight from those same walls. I know what happens to those who oppose you." He turned to his ministers. "Prepare the tribute. We will submit, not because we have forgiven, but because we are not fools."
The Northeast
From Sindhu, the horse turned northeast. It skirted the edges of the great desert and entered territories that had barely participated in the war, kingdoms of forest tribes, of river settlements, of peoples who counted their lineages differently than the Kurus.
Here, Arjuna found both his easiest and his strangest encounters.
The tribal kings cared nothing for Yudhishthira's claims to sovereignty. They had never acknowledged any king in Hastinapura. But they recognized strength, and they respected a warrior who could track a horse through their forests without getting lost.
"You move like a hunter," the chief of the Kirata people said approvingly. "Not like those soft plains-kings who cannot find their own feet in the forest."
"I learned from the best," Arjuna replied, remembering his encounter with Shiva in the form of a Kirata hunter, years ago, when he had sought the Pashupatastra.
The Kiratas did not exactly submit, that concept meant little to them. But they agreed to let the horse pass, and to trade with Hastinapura, and to not raid the northern kingdoms. For a people who had never acknowledged any external authority, this was significant.
Approaching Manipura
The months had become seasons. The horse's black coat had grown longer for winter, then shed for summer. Arjuna's soldiers had rotated in and out, fresh troops replacing weary ones. The chronicle of submissions had grown long, dozens of kingdoms acknowledged, hundreds of minor lords enrolled, a web of alliances and tributes that would define Yudhishthira's reign.
And then the horse entered Manipura.
Arjuna's heart clenched. He had known this might happen. The horse went where it willed, and the horse had willed to enter the kingdom of his third wife, Chitrangada, and the kingdom of his son, Babhruvahana.
The son he had never raised. The son he had left behind when he returned to Indraprastha after his years of exile. The son who had grown to manhood without his father's guidance, who had become a king while Arjuna was fighting a war, who had every reason to resent the father who had abandoned him.
Messengers came from Manipura's capital.
"King Babhruvahana has heard of the sacrificial horse's approach," they reported. "He prepares to receive you."
"Receive me how?" Arjuna asked carefully.
The messengers exchanged glances. "He prepares for battle, my lord. He says that to let the horse pass without challenge would dishonor his kingdom. He says..." The messenger hesitated.
"Speak."
"He says he will not be dismissed as unworthy of fighting, as so many other kings have been. He says if you are his father, you should fight him as a father would, holding nothing back."
Arjuna closed his eyes. The Gandiva, which had been silent for weeks, seemed to grow heavy on his shoulder.
"Tell him I come. Tell him I do not wish to fight him. But if he forces this..." Arjuna opened his eyes, and in them was a grief that had nothing to do with war. "Tell him I will meet him as he wishes. As his father. Holding nothing back."
The messengers departed. The horse continued toward Manipura's capital. And Arjuna followed, knowing that the greatest test of the Ashvamedha was about to begin, not against an enemy, but against his own blood.
Living traditions
The northeastern states of India, particularly Manipur and Meghalaya, maintain strong traditions connecting them to the Mahabharata through the lineages of Arjuna's marriages during his exile. These connections have become important in contemporary discussions about national integration, demonstrating that India's cultural unity extends beyond its geographical and linguistic diversity. The story of the Ashvamedha's reach to these regions is often invoked to emphasize the subcontinent's ancient interconnections.
- War Memorial Traditions: The practice of caring for war widows and orphans, which Arjuna initiated during the Ashvamedha, has continued in various forms throughout Indian history. Modern military welfare programs often invoke this dharmic precedent.
- Kangla Fort: The ancient seat of Manipuri kings, traditionally connected to the lineage of Babhruvahana. The fort contains temples and historical artifacts linking the region to the Mahabharata narrative.
- Govindaji Temple: The main Vaishnavite temple of Manipur, built adjacent to the royal palace. While constructed later, it represents the continuation of the religious traditions that connect Manipur to the wider Hindu civilization through the Mahabharata connection.
Reflection
- Arjuna modified the Ashvamedha to include care for war widows, going beyond his official duty to address harm he had helped cause. Have you ever extended your responsibilities to address consequences you didn't strictly have to fix? What motivated you, and how did it feel?
- The young king of Sindhu submitted not because he forgave Arjuna, but because he was 'not a fool.' Is there a difference between genuine reconciliation and practical submission? When is accepting less-than-true-peace acceptable?
- Babhruvahana demands to be fought 'as a father would, holding nothing back.' What do you think he really wants from Arjuna? Is this about the Ashvamedha, or about something deeper?